Foreword, introduction to the Accessible Erasmus Project
5-6
1. Introduction, the theoretical basis of the relationship between equal access and tourism
7-15
1.1. The importance of equal access in tourism
7-10
1.2. The concept of accessible tourism and the difficulties in defining the topic
11-15
2. Definition and types of disability
16-22
2.1. The concept of disability
16-18
2.2. Classification of people with disabilities
18-22
3. Historical changes in the situation of people with disabilities
23-40
3.1. Historical perceptions of people with disabilities at different ages
26-34
3.1.1. Mesopotamia
26-27
3.1.2. Ancient Judaism
27
3.1.3. Ancient Egypt
27-29
3.1.4. The Ancient Greeks
29-30
3.1.5. Ancient Rome
31
3.1.6. The Middle Ages
31-33
3.1.7. The New Age
33-34
3.2. Progressive movements
34-38
3.2.1. The Independent Living Movement
34-36
3.2.2. The movement for deinstitutionalisation
36-38
3.3. Evolution of models of disability
38-40
4. Legal regulation and policy documents on accessibility and accessible tourism at international level and in the countries participating in the project
40-68
4.1. General introduction to legal regulation and policy documents on accessible tourism at international level
41-42
4.2. Presentation of the global context of the relevant related legislation
42-48
4.2.1. The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
43-45
4.2.2. An EU for Equality: a strategy for the rights of people with disabilities (2021-2030)
45-47
4.2.3. The Global Code of Ethics for Tourism and Accessibility
47
4.2.4. Framework Convention on Tourism Ethics (2019)
47-48
4.3. Regulation of accessible tourism at national level in the countries concerned – Croatia
48-52
Law on the Ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
50
Law on Social Welfare
50
Law on Croatian Sign Language and Other Systems of Communication for Deaf and Deaf-Blind Persons in the Republic of Croatia
51
Law on movement of a blind person with the help of a guide dog
51
Declaration on the rights of persons with disabilities
51-52
National strategy for Equalization of Opportunities for Persons with Disabilities 2017-2020
52
National Social Tourism Developement Program - Tourism for all
52
4.4. Regulation of accessible tourism at national level in the countries concerned – Hungary
52-58
An analytical presentation of the relevant Hungarian legislative environment
52-57
Arcticle 9 - Accessibility
55-56
Article 20 - Personal mobility
56-57
Summary
57-58
4.5. Regulation of accessible tourism at national level in the countries concerned – Poland
58-61
List of basic documents related to the developement of accessible tourism
60-61
4.6. Regulation of accessible tourism at national level in the countries concerned – Romania
61-68
Legislation
63-64
Arcticle 7.
64
Arcticle 21. - Culture, sport, tourism
65-66
Other acts
66-67
Transportation and other tourism related discounts for disabled persons
67-68
5. Organisations supporting travel for people with disabilities in Europe and in the project countries
69-103
5.1. European Network for Accessible Tourism (ENAT): Ensuring Travel Without Barriers
69-70
Programs and Projects
69-70
5.2. Access4you
70-71
5.3. Croatian examples
71-76
Tourist guides in Pula
72-73
Manual "Care for guests with disabilities"
73
Accessible Dubrovnik Map
73
Shrine of Our Lady of Sanctuary of Aljmaš
74
Swimming Pool in Kantrida
74-76
5.4. Polish examples
76-90
5.5. Romanian examples
91-103
6. Characterising the demand for accessible tourism and their specific needs in their tourism activities
104-118
6.1. The beneficiaries of accessible tourism and their specific needs in tourism activities
104-111
6.1.1. The market role of people with disabilities as a tourism segment
104-105
6.1.2. People with physical and locomotor disabilities
105-106
Essentian components of accessible tourism
105-106
6.1.3. People with sensory disabilities
106-108
Accessibility for people with hearing impairments
106-107
Accessibility for people with visual impairments
107
Specific needs in tourism activities
107-108
6.1.4. People with intellectual disabilities
108-109
6.1.5. People with mental or physical illness
109-110
6.1.6. People with age-related disadvantages
110-111
6.2. Increased participation of people with disabilities in tourism
111-113
Barriers to Participation
112
Strategies for Enhancing Participation
112-113
6.3. Higher standards for accessibility in tourism, accessibility as a positive tool for quality tourism
113-115
The Developement of Accessibility Standards in Tourism
114
Advantages of Accessible Tourism in Economic and Competitive Contexts
114
Improving Tourism Quality via Accessibility
114
The Function of Legislation in Advancing Accessibility
115
6.4. The responses of tourism marketing to the challenges of accessible tourism
115-118
Understanding the marketplace
115
Inclusive marketing communication
115-116
Highlighting accessibility features
116
Engaging with accessibility advocates and organizations
116
Training and sensitisation
116
Using social media and user-generated content
116
Conclusion
116-117
7. Specific characteristics of the countries involved in the research. Focus and results of countryspecific research on accessible tourism (Based on a literature summary)
118-133
7.1. Croatia
118-120
7.2. Hungary
120-123
7.3. Poland
123-127
7.4. Romania
127-133
Research papers published in Romania abaout the situation of access of disabled persons to tourism services
127-128
Social tourism and accessibility
128-129
The responsible tourism and the access of disabled persons
129-130
The accessibility infrastructure and services for disabled persons in Romania
130-133
8. The technical solutions for accessibility in tourism
134-147
8.1. Specific solutions in tourism for accessibility
136-147
8.1.1. Accessible accommodations solutions within accessible tourism
138-139
8.1.2. Accessible attractions and experiences, museums and exhibits
139-140
8.1.3. Accessible transportation solutions within accessible tourism
140-142
8.1.4. Accessible pools and spas
142-143
8.1.5. Accessible outdoor recreational facilities
143-145
8.1.6. Other technological solutions
145-147
9. Invisible walls: the issue of language barriers
148-156
10. Ensuring info-communication accessibility
157-165
11. Good practices in accessible tourism at international level and in the countries participating in the project
166-173
11.1. Certification system
166-168
11.2. Physical accessibility
168-169
11.3. Sport facilities for people with disabilities
169-170
11.4. Sensitisation, awareness raising
170-171
11.5. Providing jobs for people with disabilities in the tourism sector
171-172
Case study 1: Lemon Tree Hotels Limited, India
171
Case study 2: Croatia
171-172
11.6. Education and training
173
12. Analysis of travel patterns of people with disabilities based on primary research experiences in partner countries
174-195
12.1. Research methodology
174
12.2. Results
175-193
12.2.1. Characteristics of respondents
175-177
12.2.2. Travel arrangements for people with disabilities and older people and the main purpose of their trip
178-181
12.2.3. Travel frequency and characteristics of the tourist supply preferred by people with disabilities
181-187
12.2.4. The impact of accessibility improvements on accessible tourism
187-193
12.3. Summary
193-195
13. Perceptions of the population of the country under study about accessible tourism (Analysis of the 1000 persons sample)
196-211
13.1. Summary of key results: attitudes of the Croatian population on people with disabilities and their travel habits
196-200
Introduction
196
Demographic representation and sampling
196
Awareness of difficulties faced by people with disabilities
197
Public perception of accessibility in tourism
197
Defining the target groups for accessible tourism
197-198
Attitudes towards specific aspects of accessible toruism
198
Social inclusion and empathy
198-199
Conclusion
199-200
13.2. Summary of key results: attitudes of the Hungarian population on people with disabilities and their travel habits
200-204
Introduction
200
Demographic representation and sampling
200
Awarenss of difficulties faced by people with disabilities
201
Public perception of accessibility in tourism
201
Support for enhancing accessible tourism
201-202
Defining the target groups for accessible woman
202
Attitudes towards specific aspects of accessible tourism
202-203
Social inclusion and empahty: a complex picture
203
Conclusion
203-204
13.3. Summary of key results: attitudes of the Polish population on people with disabilities and their travel habits
204-208
Introduction
204
Methodology and characteristics of the study sample
204-206
Public perception of accessibility in tourism and support for enhancing accessible tourism
206-207
Defining the target groups for accessible tourism
207
Social inclusion and empathy: a complex picture
207
Conclusion
207-208
13.4. Summary of key results: attitudes of the Romanian population on people with disabilities and their travel habits
208-211
Introduction
208
Demographic representation and sampling
208-209
Awareness of difficulties faced by people with disabilities
209
Public perception of accessibility in tourism
209
Support for enhancing accessible tourism
210
Defining the target groups for accessible tourism
210
Attitudes towards specific aspects of accessible tourism