Andrássy, György: Recognising Language Rights: the Slow and Intricate Progress towards Justice
9-24
1. The League of Nations and the United Nations
9-14
2. A kind of moral inequality which repeats itself
15-19
2.1 The minority protection system of the League of Nations
15-17
2.2 The accession criteria for the Eastern enlargement of the European Union
17-18
2.3 Values of the European Union
18-19
3. Official languages and minority language rights
19-24
4. Conclusion
24
Borbás, Beatrix: The responsibility of the courts for immaterial damages
25-43
1. The development of the responsibility for immaterial damages in Hungary
25-31
2. The possible motivating factors for shaping the regulation: the functions and instruments of the protection of personal rights
32-35
3. Concerning immaterial damages resulting from personal rights violations and the explication of the lack of regulation
35-37
4. Concerning the planned amendments to the new Civil Code concerning the consequences of personal rights violations committed by the courts
37-43
Ercsey, Zsombor: Hungarian VAT cases before the Court of Justice of the European Union
45-59
1. Introduction
45-47
2. Deduction of input VAT
47-55
2.1 The right to deduct input VAT in the case of an invoice error
48-51
2.2 Deduction regarding a reverse charge regime
52-55
3. Application for VAT refund
55-58
3.1 Application for the refund of excess value added tax
55-58
4. Concluding comments
58-59
Fenyvesi, Csaba: Criminalistic and Criminal Procedural Lessons from an Armed Robbery
61-77
1. Introduction
61-62
2. Case description
62
3. The order of the investigation
63-68
3.1 The beginning
63
3.2 Personal background and statements of BS
63-64
3.3 Anonymous letters
64
3.4 Personal Descriptions
65
3.5 Searches
65-66
3.6 Attempts to produce proof
66
3.7 Identity parades
66-67
3.8 Odour identification
67
3.9 Opinion of the expert graphologist
67
3.10 Opinion of the hemo-genetic expert
68
4. The Trial Procedure
68-73
4.1 The Time of the Offence
68-70
4.2 Checking potential suspects
70
4.3 Identity parades and testimonies
71-72
4.4 Contradictory examination of further evidence
72-73
5. Court orders
73-76
5.1 The Verdict of the Court of First Instance
73-75
5.2 The Prosecution’s Appeal and the Ruling of the Court of Appeal
75-76
6. Conclusions and Lessons of Criminalistics and Criminological Procedures
76-77
Gelányi, Anikó: The crime of harassment in the light of practice
79-91
1. Hungarian provisions - in brief
80-82
1.1 The history of the Hungarian regulation
80-81
1.2 Criticism of the Hungarian regulation
81-82
2. Practice in the 10th and 17th District Public Prosecutor's Office in Budapest
82-90
2.1 Briefly concerning the 10th and 17th District Public Prosecutor's Office
82-83
2.2 Analysing the statistical data of the research
83-90
2.2.1 Year 2008
83-84
2.2.2 Year 2009
84-85
2.2.3 Criminological correspondence in 70 of 341 cases started in 2008 and 2009
85-90
3. Conclusions
90-91
Gornig, Gilbert: Twenty Years Ago: The Unification of Germany
93-105
1. Continuity of the German state
93-100
1.1 Responsibility of the Allies
93-94
1.2 The emergence of two states within Germany
94-96
1.3 The unification of the two German states
96-100
2. The Oder-Neisse boundary
100-105
2.1 Annexation of the Oder-Neisse territories by Poland and the Soviet Union
100-101
2.2 The German Democratic Republic’s Görlitz Treaty
101
2.3 The Federal Republic of Germany’s Moscow and Warsaw Treaties
101-102
2.4 The Two-plus-Four Treaty
102-105
2.4.1 Origin
102-103
2.4.2 Regulation of territorial issues
103-105
2.5 Boundary confirmation treaty
105
3. Final assessment
105
JUSZTINGER, JÁNOS: The principle of laesio enormis in sale and purchase contracts in Roman law
107-123
1. Introduction
107-108
2. The emergence of laesio enormis in imperial rescripts
108-112
2.1 From free bargain to the rule of laesio enormis
108-110
2.2 CJ. 4.44.2, CJ. 4.44.8
110-112
3. Some issues of laesio enormis
112-122
3.1 Authenticity of legal sources
112-117
3.2 The criterion of “dimidia pars”
117-119
3.3 The dogmatic structure of laesio enormis
120-122
4. Summary
122-123
Kéryné Kaszás, Ágnes Roxán: Criminal Law vs. Competition Law, or the interaction between branches of law in Hungarian and German cartel law
125-140
1. What is the story about?
125-127
2. The targets for prosecution
127-128
3. The scope of prohibition
128-131
4. Resources
131-137
4.1 The use of excessive force?
131-132
4.2 Privileged case
132-134
4.3 Leniency
134-137
5. Impeachment
137-140
5.1 Disappeared into thin air ?
137-138
5.2 Suitable punishment?
138-140
6. Conclusion
140
Kiss, Mónika Dorota: New aspects of local government in Europe - what we can learn from each other
141-156
1. Basis of the study
141-142
2. Models in East European countries
142-150
2.1 Poland
143-144
2.2 Slovakia
145-146
2.3 The Czech Republic
146-147
2.4 Slovenia
147
2.5 Latvia
148
2.6 Lithuania
148-149
2.7 Estonia
149-150
3. Table of forms of participation
150-151
4. General conclusions and solutions
151-155
5. Summary
156
Náthon, Natalie: Position marks in the European Union
157-175
1. Introduction
157-159
2. Position marks
159-161
3. Distinctive character
161-162
4. Acquired distinctiveness or secondary meaning
163-164
5. Aesthetic functionality
164-165
6. The jurisprudence
165-174
6.1 OHIM
165-166
6.2 General Court
166-174
7. Conclusion
174-175
Németh, Csaba: The institutional system of positive discrimination and the prohibition of discrimination in Kosovo. The role of the EU concerning equality before the law in Kosovo
177-196
1. About discrimination and positive discrimination in general
177-180
1.1 The distinction between discrimination and positive discrimination
177-179
1.2 Discrimination, positive discrimination. Why is the one prohibited and the other legally promoted?
179-180
2. Legal practice of different courts regarding positive discrimination
180-183
2.1 The issue of positive discrimination concerning case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)
180-181
2.2 Positive discrimination concerning the case law of the Court of Justice of the European Union
181-182
2.3 The Hungarian Constitutional Court and positive discrimination
183
3. Discrimination in Kosovo pre-1999
183-184
4. Anti-discriminatory measures of the UNMIK administration. The legal framework of the Ahtisaari protocol regarding positive discrimination
184-186
5. The appearance of positive discrimination in the Kosovan Constitution
186-191
6. The role of the European Union as a protagonist against discrimination in Kosovo
191-196
6.1 The work of EULEX judges and prosecutors in the field of discrimination
192-194
6.2 Other measures in the hands of the EU
194-196
7. Conclusions
196
Schvéger, Judit: Legal and Organisational Framework for AAI Systems
197-214
1. Introduction
197-207
1.1 Identity management
199-200
1.1.1 Authentication management
199-200
1.1.2 Authorisation management
200
1.1.3 User life-cycle management
200
1.2 Federated Identity or Circle of Trust
200-203
1.2.1 Commercial federations
202-203
1.2.2 Academic and Higher Education federations
203
1.2.3 Inter-federations
203
1.3 Participants
204-205
1.3.1 Identity Providers
204
1.3.2 Service Providers or relying party
204-205
1.3.3 Operators of central AAI components
205
1.4 Data Protection in Federated Identities
205-207
2. Possibilities for formulating a cooperation model
207-208
2.1 Decision-making bodies
207-208
3. Case Studies
208-211
3.1 SWITCH
208
3.2 UK Access Management Federation
208-209
3.3 WAYF
210
3.4 DFN-Verein
210-211
4. Hungarian Legal Background
211-214
4.1 Contractual model
211-212
4.1.1 Service and cooperation agreement
212
4.1.2 Civil law association
212
4.2 Individual organisational model
212-214
4.2.1 Business entities
212-213
4.2.2 Non-profit entities
213-214
5. Summary
214
Serák, István: A comparison of the regulation of praedial servitude in Hungary, Germany and Austria
215-227
1. Introduction
215-216
2. Conceptual bases of praedial servitude
216-217
3. The obligee and the obligor of praedial servitude
217-218
4. The subject matter of praedial servitude
218-221
4.1 The possible subject matter of praedial servitude
218-219
4.2 The rights and obligations of the parties
219-220
4.3 Modification of praedial servitude in terms of osubject matter
220-221
5. Creation and abrogation of praedial servitude
221-224
5.1 Creation and abrogation in Hungarian law
221-223
5.2 Creation and abrogation in German law
223
5.3 Creation and abrogation in Austrian law
223-224
6. The protection of praedial servitude
224-225
7. Legal servitude and the servitude of passage
225-226
8. Summary
226-227
Wallat, Judith Maria: Participation Rights of the Works Council before the Integration of Temporary Agency Workers - the German Model
229-243
1. Introduction
229-230
2. Section 14 of the Temporary Employment Act
230-235
2.1 Purpose of the provision
230
2.2 Legal character of the reference
231-232
2.3 Perception of ‘integration’
232-235
3. Contents of the participation right
235-237
3.1 Information
235-236
3.2 Presentation of documents
236-237
4. Refusal of consent
237-243
4.1 Rejection of temporary agency work as a matter of principle
238
4.2 Violation of the principle of equal treatment/equal pay
238-240
4.3 Violation of Sec. 242 of the German Civil Code
241
4.4 Disadvantages for permanent staff members
241-242
4.5 Disturbance of the business climate within the company
243
5. Closing remarks
243
ZŐDi, Zsolt: Search Engines and Legal Research
245-264
1. Introduction
245-246
2. Legal research and legal publishing
246-255
2.1 Common Law and America
246-248
2.2 Europe
248-250
2.3 The emergence of legal databases
251-252
2.4 Legal research and the hermeneutical circle
252-255
3. Search in legal databases
256-261
3.1 The formulation of the search string
256-257
3.2 Text in the machine - meaning and understanding