Swedish
Szerző: McClean, R. J.Cím: Swedish
Alcím: A grammar of the modern language
Sorozatcím: Teach yourself books
Megjelenési adatok: English Universities Press, London, 1975. | ISBN: 0-340-05825-0
The English-speaker will not find it difficult to acquire a working knowlodgo of Swedish. The grammar anil vocabulary are easily grasped, English and Swedish having dovolopod along similar lines. This book offers a comprehensive and practical course in modern Swedish for those studying privately, at evening class or at university. Pronunciation, grammar and syntax are fully explained, and a basic vocabulary is introduced. Each chapter contains exorcises, a key to which is given at the back of the book, and the text also includes a two-way vocabulary and an alphabetical list of contents. (...) The present volume has been written primarily for those who wish to acquire a knowledge of Swedish by private study. This has made it necessary to be rather more explicit on minor points than would otherwise have been the case, and to devote special attention to pronunciation. In Part I every endeavour has been made to describe the sounds of Swedish as clearly and simply as possible. It should bo carefully studied before any of Part II is attempted, and constantly revised, so that when the student hears Swedish spoken, he may know what to listen for and how to correct his own pronunciation. Since Swedish is a tone language, students will do well to avail themselves of every opportunity to hear it spoken. Students living in or near the large ports will almost certainly be able to get in touch with Swedish seamen, either through the local Swedish Seamen’s Church or the nearest Swedish Consulate. The phonetic script adopted in Part I is much the same as that found in French and German books used in English schools, with the addition of a few symbols to represent those sounds that are peculiar to Swedish. Students who have never met with phonetic script before are urged not to be deterred by it, but to take the little trouble needed to understand it. Once it has been mastered, it will prove an invaluable aid to correct pronunciation. Little need be said of the way in which the remainder of the book should be used. Obviously the grammar in each chapter should be learned before the vocabulary, and the vocabulary must be memorized before the exercises are attempted. Constant revision is strongly recommended, and too rapid progress should not be attempted, as it only leads to disappointment. Anyone who masters the contents of this book in six months has every reason to be satisfied with his achievement. A vocabulary is given at the end of the book, and this should facilitate revision work. For further study the dictionary recommended is W. E. Hårlock : Svensk-engelsk ordbok and the Engelsk-svensk ordbok, compiled by Kärre, Lindkvist, Nöjd and Redin, both published by Svenska Bokförlaget, Stockholm. Those who wish to work through a more advanced grammar after they have finished the present work, are recommended to get Im. Bjorkhagon’s Modern Sivedish Grammar and First Swedish Book, published by Svenska Bokförlaget, Stockholm. Further particulars of grammars and annotated texts will be found in an article entitled “ Swedish Studies ” in The Year's Work in Modern Isxnguage Studies, Vol. VIII, p. 243, Cambridge University Press, 1938.
Kategóriák: Nyelvtudomány
Tárgyszavak: Nyelv, Swedish, Language, Grammar, Nyelvtan, Svéd, Svenska
Formátum: OCR szöveg
Típus: könyv
Tárgyszavak: Nyelv, Swedish, Language, Grammar, Nyelvtan, Svéd, Svenska
Formátum: OCR szöveg
Típus: könyv
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Tartalomjegyzék
Serial title page
Title page
Copyright/impressum
Preface
V-VII
Preface to the second edition
VII
Preface to the third edition
VII
Introduction
IX-XII
Contents
XIII-XIV
Part I - The swedish sound system
2-40
The swedish alphabet
2
Chapter I - Pronunciation
3-40
Vowels
3-9
Long and short vowels
4
Front vowels
4-7
The central vowel
7
Back vowel
7-9
Consonants
9-14
Labial
9
Dental
9-10
Post-alveolar
10-12
Palatal fricatives
12
Velar consonants
12-13
Quantity
13-14
Spelling and sound values
14-34
I. Vowels
14-17
II. Consonants
18-24
Swedish orthography
24-25
Stress
25-26
Lack of stress
26
Intonation
26
The spelling tone
27-29
The double tone
29-31
Homonyms with different tones
31-32
Tone variations within the sentence
32-33
Colloquial forms
33-34
Sverige
35-36
Orthographical peculiarities
37-40
Use of capital letters
37
Redundant letters
37
Three consonants in compounds
37
Foreign words
37-38
Punctuation
38-39
Accent
39
Abbreviations
40
Part II - Grammar
41-254
Chapter I - The noun
43-46
The indefinite article
43
The definite article
43
Singular
43
Plural
44
Remarks on the definite singular
44-45
Remarks on the definite plural
45-46
Vocabulary
46
Exercise 1: Translate
46
Chapter II - Plural of nouns
47-54
First declension
47
Second declension
48
Thrid declension
49-51
Fourth declension
52
Fifth declension
52-53
Remarks on the declensions
54
Exercise 2
54
Chapter III - Personal pronouns - The verb ha - Numerals
55-58
Remarks on the personal pronouns
55-56
Imperative: ha 'have'
56
Numerals
57
Vocabulary
58
Exercise 3: Translate
58
Chapter IV - Personal pronouns - The verb vara - Numerals
59-61
Further remarks on the personal pronouns
59
Imperative: var 'be'
59-60
Vocabulary
60
Excercise 4: Translate
60-61
Chapter V - Case of nouns - Possessive adjectives and pronouns
62-66
Remarks on the genitive
63-66
Exercise 5: Translate
66
Chapter VI - Adjectives
67-70
(a) Indefinite declension
67
(b) Definite declension
68-70
Vocabulary
70
Exercise 6: Translate
70
Chapter VII - Adjectives (Continued)
71-77
Comparison of adjectives
74
Irregularities
74-76
Vocabulary
77
Exercise 7: Translate
77
Chapter VII - Adjectives (Continued)
78-83
Declension of the comparative and superlative
78-80
I. The comparative
78
II. The superlative
78-80
Genitive of adjectives
80
Relics of old case-endings
80-81
Numerals
81-82
Vocabulary
82
Exercise 8: Translate
82-83
Chapter IX - The verb-auxiliaries
84-90
Simple and compound tenses
85
The supine and past participle
85
Auxiliary verbs
86
Subjunctive
87
Other auxiliary verbs
87
The verb att bll (bllva)
88-89
Nouns denoting kinship
89
Vocabulary
90
Exercise 9: Translate
90
Chapter X - Conjugation of verbs
91-96
First conjugation
92-93
Ordinal numbers
93-94
The reflexive pronoun: sig
94-95
Vocabulary
96
Exercise 10: Translate
96
Chapter XI - Verbs - second conjugation
97-106
(a) First class
97-98
(b) Second class
99-101
Word-order
101-102
The use of det
102-103
Expressions of thanks
103-105
Vocabulary
105-106
Exercise 11: Translate
106
Chapter XII - Verbs - third conjugation
107-112
Demonstrative adjectives and pronouns
108
Remarks on the demonstratives
108-110
The numerals in dates
110-111
Vocabulary
112
Exercise 12: Translate
112
Chapter XIII - Irregular verbs
113-119
Fractions
114-117
Relative pronouns
117-118
Vocabulary
118
Exercise 13: Translate
119
Chapter XIV - Strong - verbs - participles
120-129
Inflection of participles
121-122
1. - The present participle
121
2. - The past participle
121-122
Determinative adjective and pronouns
123
The passive voice
123-124
First conjugation
124
Second, third and fourth conjugations
124-125
Remarks of the use of the s-forms
125-127
Vocabulary
128
Exercise 14: Translate
128-129
Chapter XV - Adverbs - deponent verbs
130-142
Comparison of adverbs
131-132
Adverbs with double forms
132-133
Alphabetical list of adverbs frequently used in everyday speech
133-135
Word - order - adverbs
136-139
Passive forms with reciproral meaning
139
Deponent verbs
140
Strong verbs
140-141
Vocabulary
141
Exercise 15: Translate
141-142
Chapter XVI - Indefinite and interrogative pronouns and adjectives
143-152
Words used as pronouns only
143-148
Strong verbs
149-150
Vocabulary
151
Exercise 16: Translate
151-152
Chapter XVII - Compound verbs - reflexive verbs - impersonal verbs
153-160
Refelxive verbs
156-158
Impersonal verbs
158-159
Vocabulary
159
Exercise 17: Translate
160
Chapter XVIII - Word order
161-170
I - Inversion
161
II - Position of the adverb
161-162
III - Position of the verb
162-163
IV - Position of the adjective
163-164
V - Position of the object
164
Greetings and polite expressions
164-165
How to address people in letters
165-168
Vocabulary
168-169
Exercise 18: Translate
169-170
Chapter XIX - Prepositons
171-187
Vocabulary
184-185
Exercise 19: Translate
185-187
Chapter XX - To do - use of the tenses
188-198
Use of the tenses
188-191
Present
188-189
Present perfect
189-190
Future
190-191
Future in the past
191
Diminutives
191-192
Feminine forms
192-195
Vocabulary
195-196
Exercise 20: Translate
196-198
Chapter XXI - Use of the auxiliary verbs
199-207
Ha
199
Skall, skulle
200
Vill, ville
200-201
Kan, kunde
201-202
Maste
202
Ma, matte
203
Lata
203-204
Vocabluary
205
Exercise 21: Translate
205
Vocabulary
205-206
Anmärkningar
206-207
Notes
207
Chapter XXII - Use of the infinitive and participles
208-217
The infinitive
208-210
Swedish equivalents of the english infinitive
210-211
Swedish equivalents of the english gerund
211-213
The present participle
213-214
The past participle
214
Vocabulary
214
Exercise 22: Translate
215
Vocabluary
216-217
Anmärkningar
217
Chapter XXIII - Use of the articles - Conjunctions - Interjections - Word formation
218-238
Definite article
218-220
Omission of definite article
220
Indefinite article
220-221
Omission of indefinite article
221
Relics of older constructions
222
Conjunctions
222-228
Interjections
228
Word formation
229
Derivative nouns
229-230
Derivative adjectives
230
Derivative adverbs
231
Derivative verbs
231-232
Exercise 23: Translate
232-234
Anmärkningar
234
Vocabulary
235
Translate
235-236
Vocabulary
236-238
Chapter XXIV - Translations
239-243
Chapter XXV - Translations
244-254
Alphabetical list of the principal strong verbs
255-258
Vocabulary: English - Swedish
259-269
Vocabulary: Swedish - English
271-289
Key to exercises
291-319
Index
320-322